Analysis of green infrastructure and nature-based solutions in Warsaw – selected aspects for planning urban space
Analysis of green infrastructure and nature-based solutions in Warsaw – selected aspects for planning urban space
PDFAuthors: Ewelina Pochodyła, Agnieszka Jaszczak, Juraj Illes, Katarina Kristianova and Viera Joklova
Volume/Issue: Volume 25: Issue 1
Published online: 14 Jun 2022
Pages: 44 - 50
Abstract
Analysis of urban green infrastructure is used to identify the concepts of its planning, implementation, and management at the level of the whole city as well as its individual parts. Green infrastructure, as a planned network of natural and semi-natural elements in cities, delivers a wide range of ecosystem services and improves urban environmental conditions. Planning the network of green infrastructure becomes a standard part of urban and spatial planning. Implementation strategies of green infrastructure in urban environment include applications of new specific elements and nature-based solutions. Green infrastructure research covers a wide range of topics. Our research focuses on the selected aspects of spatial analysis of green infrastructure in the city of Warsaw: distribution of main public green areas at the urban scale – forests and parks in the urban fabric, the forms of their protection, the use of linear elements of green infrastructure along communication routes, and the implementation of new elements of nature-based solutions in the urban environment – green roofs, green facades, and rain gardens. Based on the analysis of the studied selected aspects, recommendations were formulated for strengthening the interconnectivity of the green infrastructure system at an urban scale and implementation of new green infrastructure elements and in the intensively built-up districts where the number and size of green areas are insufficient.
Keywords: green infrastructure, urban planning, spatial analysis, nature-based solutions
References
Ahern, J. (2007). Green infrastructure for cities: the spatial dimension. In Novotny, V. & Brown, P. (Eds.). Cities of the future: towards integrated sustainable water and landscape management. IWA Publishing. https://people.umass.edu/jfa/pdf/Chapter17_Ahern2%20copy.pdf
Beatley, T. (2011). Biophilic Cities: Integrating Nature into Urban Design and Planning. Washington, D.C: Island Press.10.5822/978-1-59726-986-5
Depietri, Y. (2022). Planning for urban green infrastructure: addressing tradeoffs and synergies. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 54, 101148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2021.12.00110.1016/j.cosust.2021.12.001
Derickson, K., Klein, M., & Keeler, B. L. (2021). Reflections on crafting a policy toolkit for equitable green infrastructure. npj Urban Sustainability, 1, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42949-021-00014-010.1038/s42949-021-00014-0
European Commission (2022). Directorate-General for Environment. (n.d.). The EU Strategy on Green Infrastructure. https://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/ecosystems/strategy/index_en.htm
Hudeková, Z., Mederly, P., & Tóth, A. (2018). Green infrastructure. A guide not only for Municipalities. City District Bratislava – Karlova Ves, 2018, 12. https://www.karlovaves.sk/wp-content/uploads/Zelena-infrastruktura-prirucka-nielenpre-samospravy.pdf
Joklová, V., Djukic, A., Harmanescu, M., & Jančová, N. (2019). Conceptual approaches to environmental quality and livability in smaller cities. In Benko, M. Gregor, P., & Vitkova, L. (Eds.). Book on the unexplored cultural heritage in communities by the Danube, DANUrB 2017–2019. Praha, Czech Republic: Gasset, 104–111.
Kellert, S. R. (2018). Nature by Design. The Practice of Biophilic Design. Yale University Press, New Heaven, 3–224.
Klichowski, M., & Patricio, C. (2017). Does the human brain really like ICT tools and being outdoors? A brief overview of the cognitive neuroscience perspective of the CyberParks concept. Enhancing Places through Technology – Proceedings from the ICiTy conference, 223–239.
Kováč, B. (2018). Landscape in spatial planning in Slovakia. Landscape in spatial planning in 21th Century: proceedings from the conference. AUÚP Czech Republic, Mikulov 12.–13. 4. 2018. Brno: Institute of Territorial Development, 16–24.
Kuchcik, M., Dudek, W., Blazejczyk, K., Milewski, P., & Blazejczyk, A. (2016). Two Faces to the Greenery on Housing Estates – Mitigating Climate but Aggravating Allergy. A Warsaw Case Study. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 16, 170–181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2016.02.01210.1016/j.ufug.2016.02.012
Noszczyk, T., Gorzelany, J., Kukulska-Kozieł, A., & Hernik, J. (2022). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the importance of urban green spaces to the public. Land Use Policy, 113, 105925. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2021.10592510.1016/j.landusepol.2021.105925864867534898794
Pochodyła, E. (2018). Zielona infrastruktura – idee, programy, projekty. Współczesne rozwiązania w Warszawie. Master thesis under Jaszczak A. supervision. Department of Landscape Architecture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn.
Pochodyła, E., Glińska-Lewczuk, K., & Jaszczak, A. (2021). Blue-Green Infrastructure as a New Trend and an Effective Tool for Water Management in Urban Areas. Landscape Online, 92, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3097/LO.20219210.3097/LO.202192
Supuka, J. (2018). Current Issues of Urban Settlements and Potential of their Solutions through Green Infrastructure. Životné prostredie, 52(1), 11–18. https://publikacie.uke.sav.sk/sites/default/files/2018_1_011_018_Supuka.pdf
Szulczewska, B., Giedych, R., & Maksymiuk, G. (2017). Can We Face the Challenge: How to Implement a Theoretical Concept of Green Infrastructure into Planning Practice? Warszaw Case Study. Landscape Research, 42(2), 176–194. https://doi.org/10.1080/01426397.2016.124076410.1080/01426397.2016.1240764
Tóth, A., Halajová, D., & Halaj, P. (2015). Green Infrastructure: A Strategic Tool for Climate Change Mitigation in Urban Environments. Ecology and Safety, 9, 132–138. https://www.scientific-publications.net/en/article/1000705/
Zachariasz, A. (2019). Development of the System of the Green Areas of Kraków from The Nineteenth Century to The Present, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 471, 11, 2097. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/471/11/11209710.1088/1757-899X/471/11/112097