The Effect of Nitrogen and Sulphur Nutrition on the Yield and Content of Antioxidants in Broccoli / Vplyv Dusíkatej a Sírnatej Výživy na Úrodu a Obsah Antioxidantov v Brokolici
The Effect of Nitrogen and Sulphur Nutrition on the Yield and Content of Antioxidants in Broccoli / Vplyv Dusíkatej a Sírnatej Výživy na Úrodu a Obsah Antioxidantov v Brokolici
PDFAuthors: Miroslav Šlosár, Anton Uher and Nina Čekey
Volume/Issue: Volume 16: Issue 1
Published online: 06 Sep 2013
Pages: 14–17
Abstract
The small field experiment with broccoli (variety ‚Tiburon F1‘) was established in The Botanical Garden of Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra. In this experiment, we investigated the effect of four variants of nutrition on the broccoli yield, content of sulforaphane and vitamin C in broccoli florets. The first variant of nutrition was a control one - without application of fertilizers. The second one was fertilized at nitrogen level 200 kg.ha-1. The third one had level of nutriments N : S = 200 : 50 kg.ha-1 and fourth one N : S = 200 : 60 kg.ha-1. In each variant of nutrition, the yield of broccoli was significantly increased in comparison with the control variant. The highest yield of broccoli florets was reached in variant 4 (27.87 t.ha-1). The highest amount of sulforaphane was also determined in variant 4 - 50.93 mg.kg-1 of fresh matter. However, this value did not represent significant increase of sulforaphane content compared to the control variant. The highest content of vitamin C was determined in variant 2 (585.78 mg.kg-1 of fresh matter). In this variant, we achieved significant increase of vitamin C content in comparison with the control variant. Thus, by application of nitrogen and sulphur nutrition, we reached significant increase of broccoli yield compared to the control variant. At the same time, the applied nutrition assisted to enhanced accumulation of sulforaphane and vitamin C in broccoli florets
Keywords: broccoli, nutrition, nitrogen, sulforaphane, vitamin C, brokolica, výživa, úroda, sulforafan, vitamín C, dusík, síra
References
BABIK I. - ELKNER K. 2002. The effect of nitrogen fertlization and irrigation on yield and quality of broccoli. In: Acta Horticulturae (ISHS) 2002 no. 571 p. 33-43. ISSN 0567-7572.
Byers T. - Perry G. 1992. Dietary carotenes vitamin C and vitamin E as protective antioxidants in human cancers. In: Annual review of Nutrition vol. 12 1992 p. 139-159. ISSN 0199-9885.
DUCSAY L. - VARGA L. 2001. Vplyv dusíkatého hnojenia na tvorbu úrody vitamínu C a akumuláciu dusičnanov pri pekinskej kapuste. In: Acta horticulturae et regiotecturae roč. 7 2001 č. 1 s. 20-23. ISSN 1335-2563.
FAHEY J. W. -HARISTOY X. - DOLAN P. M. - KENSLER T. W. - SCHOLTUS I. - STEPHENSON K. K. - TALALAY P. - LOZNIEWSKI A. 2002. Sulforaphane inhibits extracellular intracellular and antibiotic-resistant strains of Helicobacter pylori and prevents benzo[a]pyrene- -induced stomach tumors. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of The United States of America vol. 99 2002 no. 11 p. 7610-7615. ISSN 0027-8424.
FECENKO J. - LOŽEK O. 2000. Výživa a hnojenie poľných plodín. Nitra : SPU 2000. 452 s. ISBN 80-7137-777-5.
HLUŠEK J. - RICHTER R. - RYANT P. - KOLÁŘ L. Výživa a hnojení zahradních plodin. Praha : Zemědělec 2002 94 s. ISBN 80-902413-5-2.
HOLLÓSY M. 2004. Dajme zelenú brokolici! In: APOTHÉKA - odborno- informačný štvrťročník pre zákazníkov lekárne roč. 4 2004 č. 2 s. 48-49. ISSN 1336-0930.
JOSEPH M. A. - MOYSICH K. B. - FREUDENHEIM J. L. - SHIELDS P. G. - BOWMAN E. D. -ZHANG Y. - MARSHALL J. R. - AMBROSONE C. B. 2004. Cruciferous vegetables genetic polymorphisms in glutathione S-transferases M1 and T1 and prostate cancer risk. In: Nutrition and cancer vol. 50 2004 no. 2 p. 206-213. ISSN 0163-5581.
KARITONAS R. 2002 Effect of nitrogen supply on yield and quality of broccoli. In: Plant nutrition vol. 92 2002 p. 298-299. ISSN 978-0-7923-7105-2.
KUSHAD M. M. - BROWN A. F. - KURILICH A. C. - JUVIK J. A. - KLEIN B. P. - WALLIG M. A. - JEFFERY E. H. 1999. Variation of glucosinolates in vegetable crops of Brassica oleracea. In: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry vol. 47 1999 no. 4 p. 1541-1548. ISSN 0021-8561.
LISIEWSKA Z. - KMIECIK W. 1996. Effects of level of nitrogen fertilizer processing conditions and period of storage of frozen broccoli and cauliflower on vitamin C retention. In: Food Chemistry vol. 57 1996 no. 2 p. 267-270. ISSN 0308-8146.
POKLUDA R. 2006. Význam a nutriční hodnota zeleniny. In: Zahradnictví roč. 10 2006 č. 6 s. 18-19. ISSN 1213-7596
Sivakumar G. - Aliboni A. - Bacchetta L. 2007. HPLC screening of anti-cancer sulforaphane from important European Brassica species. In: Food Chemistry vol. 104 2007 no. 4 p. 1761-1764. ISSN 0308-8146.
Spitz M. R. - Duphorne c. m. - Detry M a. - Pillow P. c. - Amos c. i. - Lei Lei - de Andrade m. - Xiangjun Gu - Hong W. k - Xifeng Wu. 2000. Dietary intake of isothiocyanates: evidence of a joint effect with glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms in lung cancer risk. In: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention vol. 9 2000 no. 10 p. 1017-1020. ISSN 1055-9965.
ŠLOSÁR M. - ČEKEY N. 2008. Hlúbová zelenina - významná súčasť výživy človeka. In: Zahradnictví roč. 12 2008 č. 8 s. 16-17. ISSN 1213-7596
VARGA L. - LOŽEK O. - DUCSAY L. 2004. Vplyv diferencovanej výživy na úrodu brokolice. In: 2. medzinárodná záhradnícka vedecká konferencia 16.-18. september 2004 Nitra : SPU 2004 s. 96-98. ISSN 1335-2563